Leetcode is a well-known platform for honing coding and problem-solving skills, often used for interview preparation. One such problem that has grabbed attention is the “Maximum Score After Splitting a String” problem. This problem is generally classified under the array and string manipulation categories, requiring a combination of insights to solve efficiently.
This in-depth article will cover:
- Problem Statement & Examples
- Brute-force Approach
- Optimized Approach
- Python Code Implementations
- Test Cases and Runtime Analysis
- Conclusion
1. Problem Statement & Examples
Problem Statement
Given a string s
of zeros and ones, you need to return the maximum score after splitting the string into two non-empty parts such that the number of zeros on the left part and the number of ones on the right part is maximized.
Example 1:
Input: s = "0111001"
Output: 4
Explanation:
Splitting at index 3 results in two parts: "011" and "1001".
Number of zeros in the left part = 0
Number of ones in the right part = 4
Total score = 0 + 4 = 4
Example 2:
Input: s = "00111"
Output: 3
Explanation:
Splitting at index 2 results in two parts: "00" and "111".
Number of zeros in the left part = 2
Number of ones in the right part = 1
Total score = 2 + 1 = 3
2. Brute-force Approach
A straightforward way to solve this problem is to:
- Iterate over the string, keeping a count of zeros and ones.
- Try every possible splitting point, calculating the score for each.
- Return the maximum score.
However, this approach has a time complexity of O(n^2), which is inefficient for large strings.
3. Optimized Approach
You can optimize the solution using a single pass through the string:
- Calculate the total counts of zeros (
total_zeros
) and ones (total_ones
) first. - Initialize variables
left_zeros
andleft_ones
to keep track of the zeros and ones on the left part as you iterate. - Loop through the string to find the score at each split point.
This approach has a time complexity of O(n), which is much better.
4. Python Code Implementations
Brute-force Solution
def maxScore(s: str) -> int:
max_score = 0
for i in range(1, len(s)):
left, right = s[:i], s[i:]
score = left.count('0') + right.count('1')
max_score = max(max_score, score)
return max_score
Optimized Solution
def maxScore(s: str) -> int:
total_zeros, total_ones = s.count('0'), s.count('1')
max_score, left_zeros, left_ones = 0, 0, 0
for i in range(len(s) - 1):
if s[i] == '0':
left_zeros += 1
else:
left_ones += 1
score = left_zeros + (total_ones - left_ones)
max_score = max(max_score, score)
return max_score
5. Test Cases and Runtime Analysis
Both solutions pass the LeetCode test cases, but the optimized solution is much faster.
- Brute-force: O(n^2)
- Optimized: O(n)
6. Conclusion
The “Maximum Score After Splitting a String” problem is a compelling task that tests your string manipulation and problem-solving skills. Although a brute-force approach is straightforward to implement, it’s not efficient for large datasets. The optimized O(n) solution is better suited for tackling this problem effectively.